Fractional distillation is based on the property that

Options

A. density of each fraction is different
B. molecular weight of each fraction is different
C. melting point of each fraction is different
D. boiling point of each fraction is different

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Fractional Distillation**: Fractional distillation is a separation technique used to separate a mixture into its individual components or fractions.

2. **Key Property of Fractional Distillation**: The process relies on the differences in boiling points of the components in the mixture. Each component has a specific boiling point at which it transitions from liquid to gas.

3. **Heating the Mixture**: The mixture is heated to a temperature where one or more components start to vaporize. This is done gradually to ensure that the different fractions can be collected separately based on their boiling points.

4. **Separation Process**: As the mixture is heated, components with lower boiling points vaporize first. These vapors are then collected and cooled to condense back into liquid form, effectively separating them from the other components.

5. **Conclusion**: Therefore, fractional distillation is based on the property that the boiling points of each fraction are different.

**Final Answer**: Fractional distillation is based on the property that the boiling point of each fraction is different.

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