Vascular and mechanical tissue is absent in

Options

A. Bryophyta
B. Pteridophyta
C. Gymnosperms
D. Angiosperms

Explanation

To determine which plant group lacks vascular and mechanical tissues, we can analyze the characteristics of each group mentioned in the question: Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Gymnosperms, and Angiosperms.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Vascular and Mechanical Tissues**:
- Vascular tissues include xylem and phloem, which are responsible for the transport of water, nutrients, and food in plants.
- Mechanical tissues provide structural support to the plant.

2. **Analyzing Bryophyta**:
- Bryophytes, which include mosses and liverworts, are known as the amphibians of the plant kingdom because they require water for reproduction.
- The main body of bryophytes is a simple, thalloid gametophyte.
- Bryophytes do not have true stems, leaves, or roots, and importantly, they lack vascular tissues (xylem and phloem).
- **Conclusion**: Vascular and mechanical tissues are absent in Bryophyta.

3. **Analyzing Pteridophyta**:
- Pteridophytes include ferns and horsetails, which are the first terrestrial vascular plants.
- They possess vascular tissues, allowing them to transport water and nutrients.
- **Conclusion**: Vascular and mechanical tissues are present in Pteridophyta.

4. **Analyzing Gymnosperms**:
- Gymnosperms are plants that produce naked seeds, such as conifers.
- They also have well-developed vascular tissues.
- **Conclusion**: Vascular and mechanical tissues are present in Gymnosperms.

5. **Analyzing Angiosperms**:
- Angiosperms are flowering plants that produce seeds enclosed within an ovary.
- They have advanced vascular systems.
- **Conclusion**: Vascular and mechanical tissues are present in Angiosperms.

6. **Final Conclusion**:
- After analyzing all four groups, it is clear that vascular and mechanical tissues are absent only in Bryophyta.

### Final Answer:
**Vascular and mechanical tissue is absent in Bryophyta.**