True roots are absent in

Options

A. bryophytes
B. pteridophytes
C. gymnosperms
D. angiosperms

Explanation

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Plant Groups**: Begin by identifying the four plant groups mentioned in the question: bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, and angiosperms.

2. **Defining True Roots**: True roots are defined as the main root structures that anchor the plant and absorb water and nutrients from the soil. They are typically part of a vascular system, which includes xylem and phloem.

3. **Identifying Bryophytes**: Bryophytes, which include mosses and liverworts, are known as the amphibians of the plant kingdom. They are non-vascular plants that do not have true roots, stems, or leaves. Instead, they have root-like structures called rhizoids that help anchor them to the substrate.

4. **Identifying Other Groups**:
- **Pteridophytes**: These are vascular plants (like ferns) that do have true roots.
- **Gymnosperms**: These are seed-producing plants (like conifers) that also possess true roots.
- **Angiosperms**: These are flowering plants that have true roots as well.

5. **Conclusion**: Based on the characteristics of these plant groups, we can conclude that true roots are absent in bryophytes. Algae, which is also mentioned, do not have true roots either, but they are not one of the options given in the question.

**Final Answer**: True roots are absent in bryophytes.

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