Vascular and mechanical tissue is absent in

Options

A. Bryophyta
B. Pteridophyta
C. Gymnosperms
D. Angiosperms

Explanation

To determine in which plant group vascular and mechanical tissues are absent, we can analyze the given options step by step:

### Step 1: Identify the plant groups
The question provides four plant groups: Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Gymnosperms, and Angiosperms.

### Step 2: Understand Bryophyta
- Bryophytes include mosses and liverworts.
- They are known as the amphibians of the plant kingdom because they require water for sexual reproduction.
- The main plant body is simple and thalloid, lacking true roots, stems, and leaves.
- Importantly, Bryophytes do not possess vascular tissues (xylem and phloem) and mechanical tissues.

### Step 3: Analyze Pteridophyta
- Pteridophytes are the first terrestrial vascular plants.
- They have well-developed vascular tissues (xylem and phloem) for water and nutrient transport.
- Therefore, vascular tissues are present in Pteridophyta.

### Step 4: Examine Gymnosperms
- Gymnosperms are seed-producing plants that also have vascular tissues.
- They possess xylem and phloem, which are essential for their growth and nutrient transport.

### Step 5: Look at Angiosperms
- Angiosperms are flowering plants that also contain vascular tissues.
- They have a complex structure that includes xylem and phloem for efficient transport of water and nutrients.

### Conclusion
Based on the analysis:
- Vascular and mechanical tissues are absent in **Bryophyta**.

### Final Answer:
**Vascular and mechanical tissue is absent in Bryophyta.**

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