What is water logging? How does it harm the crops? How can it be prevented?

Explanation

When too much water is given to the crop, it stands in the field and accumulates around the roots. This is called water logging. It damages the crop because of the following two reasons: (i) Water logging reduces air in the spaces between soil particles. This cuts off oxygen supply to roots. Unable to breathe, the roots get damaged and eventually plant dies. (ii) It also increases the amount of salts in the soil that reduces soil fertility. Water logging can be prevented by (a) providing right amount of water to the crops (b) having adequate drainage system in irrigated fields.