Which of the following do not have true roots?

Options

A. Conifers
B. Ferns
C. Grasses
D. Mosses

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understand the Question**: The question asks which plants do not have true roots. True roots are defined as structures that are differentiated from stems and leaves and have a specific function in anchoring the plant and absorbing water and nutrients.

2. **Identify Plant Divisions**: The plant kingdom is divided into various groups. The two main divisions relevant to this question are:
- **Cryptogams**: These include primitive plants that do not have visible sex organs, seeds, or flowers. Examples include algae and thallophytes.
- **Bryophytes**: These are slightly more advanced than cryptogams but still do not have true roots. They have structures that resemble roots but are not true roots.

3. **Differentiate Between Plant Types**:
- **Thallophytes (Algae)**: These plants have a body called thallus, which means they do not have differentiated roots, stems, or leaves.
- **Bryophytes (Mosses)**: While they have structures that may look like roots (rhizoids), they do not have true roots.
- **Pteridophytes**: These plants, such as ferns, do have true roots, stems, and leaves.
- **Gymnosperms and Angiosperms**: Both of these groups have well-differentiated true roots, stems, and leaves.

4. **Conclusion**: Since the question is asking for plants that do not have true roots, we focus on the cryptogams and bryophytes. Among the options, mosses (which are bryophytes) do not have true roots.

5. **Final Answer**: The correct answer is **mosses**.

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