Flatworm excretes through

Options

A. Kidney
B. Nephridia
C. Protonephridia
D. Malpighian tubules

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Identify the Organism**: The question asks about the excretion process in flatworms, which belong to the phylum Platyhelminthes.

2. **Understand Flatworm Characteristics**: Flatworms are characterized by their flat bodies and are classified as invertebrates. They do not have complex organ systems like vertebrates.

3. **Excretory System in Flatworms**: Flatworms possess a simple excretory system. The primary excretory structures in flatworms are called flame cells.

4. **Function of Flame Cells**: Flame cells help in the excretion of waste products. They are specialized cells that filter and remove waste from the body.

5. **Terminology**: The excretory structure in flatworms is referred to as protonephridia. This system is different from kidneys found in higher organisms (vertebrates).

6. **Conclusion**: Therefore, flatworms excrete through flame cells, which are part of their protonephridial system.

**Final Answer**: Flatworms excrete through flame cells.

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