The organic acid which was first produced through fermentation is

Options

A. Propionic acid
B. Lactic acid
C. Citric acid
D. Oxalic acid

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Fermentation**: Fermentation is a metabolic process that occurs in microorganisms, typically under anaerobic conditions (absence of oxygen). It involves the conversion of sugars into acids, gases, or alcohol.

2. **Types of Fermentation**: There are different types of fermentation based on the microorganisms involved. The two main types are:
- **Bacterial Fermentation**: This process is carried out by bacteria and typically produces lactic acid and carbon dioxide (CO2).
- **Yeast/Fungal Fermentation**: This process is carried out by yeasts and fungi, leading to the production of alcohol and carbon dioxide (CO2).

3. **Identifying the Organic Acids**: The question asks for the first organic acid produced through fermentation. The options given are:
- Propionic acid
- Lactic acid
- Citric acid
- Oxalic acid

4. **Analyzing the Options**:
- **Propionic Acid**: Produced by certain bacteria but not the first in fermentation.
- **Lactic Acid**: Produced during bacterial fermentation and is known to be one of the earliest organic acids produced through fermentation processes.
- **Citric Acid**: Primarily produced through aerobic fermentation processes, not the first.
- **Oxalic Acid**: Not typically associated with fermentation processes.

5. **Conclusion**: Based on the information, lactic acid is recognized as the first organic acid produced through fermentation, particularly noted for its commercial production in America in 1883.

6. **Final Answer**: The organic acid which was first produced through fermentation is **lactic acid**.

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