Haemophilia is a

Options

A. Acute disease
B. Deficiency disease
C. Chronic disease
D. Congenital disease

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Definition of Haemophilia**: Haemophilia is a genetic disorder that affects the blood's ability to clot. This means that individuals with haemophilia may bleed excessively after an injury or may have spontaneous bleeding episodes.

2. **Genetic Basis**: Haemophilia is inherited in a specific manner. It is primarily linked to mutations in genes that are responsible for producing clotting factors, which are proteins essential for blood coagulation.

3. **Inheritance Pattern**:
- Haemophilia is usually inherited in an X-linked recessive pattern. This means that the gene responsible for haemophilia is located on the X chromosome.
- Males (who have one X and one Y chromosome) are more severely affected because they have only one X chromosome. If that X chromosome carries the mutation for haemophilia, they will express the disorder.
- Females (who have two X chromosomes) can be carriers if they have one affected X chromosome and one normal X chromosome. They may not show symptoms unless both X chromosomes are affected (homozygous condition).

4. **Types of Haemophilia**: There are different types of haemophilia, with Haemophilia A (deficiency of clotting factor VIII) and Haemophilia B (deficiency of clotting factor IX) being the most common.

5. **Conclusion**: Haemophilia is classified as a congenital genetic disorder due to mutations in the genes responsible for blood clotting. It is not an acute or chronic disease but rather a lifelong condition that can be managed with proper medical care.