Impairment of adrenal cortex causes decreased concentration of

Options

A. `Ca^(2+)`
B. `Na^(+)`
C. Ammonium
D. Glucose

Explanation

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understand the Function of the Adrenal Cortex**: The adrenal cortex is responsible for producing several hormones, including glucocorticoids (like cortisol) and mineralocorticoids (like aldosterone).

2. **Identify the Role of Glucocorticoids**: Glucocorticoids, particularly cortisol, play a significant role in carbohydrate metabolism. They help in regulating glucose levels in the blood.

3. **Identify the Role of Mineralocorticoids**: Mineralocorticoids, especially aldosterone, are crucial for maintaining sodium and potassium balance in the body. Aldosterone promotes the reabsorption of sodium ions in the kidneys.

4. **Consider the Effects of Impairment**: If the adrenal cortex is impaired, it will lead to a decrease in the production of these hormones. This impairment would particularly affect the secretion of aldosterone.

5. **Determine the Consequence of Decreased Aldosterone**: With decreased aldosterone, the reabsorption of sodium ions in the kidneys will be reduced, leading to a decreased concentration of sodium ions in the bloodstream.

6. **Evaluate the Options**:
- Option 1: Calcium ion - not primarily affected by adrenal cortex impairment.
- Option 2: Sodium ion - directly affected due to decreased aldosterone.
- Option 3: Ammonium - not primarily related to adrenal cortex function.
- Option 4: Glucose - affected by cortisol, but not the primary focus here.

7. **Conclusion**: The correct answer is that impairment of the adrenal cortex causes a decreased concentration of sodium ions.

**Final Answer**: Option 2: Sodium ion.

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