Haemophila is

Options

A. Christmas disease
B. X-linked recessive disease
C. Y-linked recessive disease
D. bleeder's disease

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Definition of Hemophilia**: Hemophilia is a genetic disorder that affects the blood's ability to clot. This condition leads to excessive bleeding even from minor injuries.

2. **Type of Disorder**: Hemophilia is classified as an X-linked recessive disorder. This means that the gene responsible for hemophilia is located on the X chromosome, and the disorder is recessive, meaning that two copies of the mutated gene (one from each parent) are required for a female to be affected.

3. **Inheritance Pattern**: Since males have only one X chromosome (XY), if they inherit the X chromosome with the hemophilia mutation, they will express the disorder. Females, having two X chromosomes (XX), can be carriers if they have one mutated allele and one normal allele. They will not show symptoms unless both of their X chromosomes carry the mutation.

4. **Symptoms**: Individuals with hemophilia have a deficiency in clotting factors, which are proteins necessary for blood clotting. This deficiency can lead to prolonged bleeding, easy bruising, and spontaneous bleeding episodes.

5. **Historical Context**: Hemophilia is also known as Christmas disease, named after a patient named Stephen Christmas, who was one of the first diagnosed cases.

6. **Comparison with Bleeder Disease**: While hemophilia is characterized by a lack of clotting factors, "Bleeder disease" refers to conditions where clotting factors are present but take longer to function properly. Hemophilia is more severe because it can involve a complete absence of certain clotting factors.