Species that are most effective at colonising new habitats show

Options

A. low reproductive ability
B. high dispersal ability
C. slow growth and maturation
D. high competitive ability

Answer

To answer the question regarding which species are most effective at colonizing new habitats, we can analyze the characteristics that contribute to successful colonization. Here’s a step-by-step solution:

### Step 1: Understanding Colonization
Colonization refers to the establishment of a species in a new habitat. This process requires certain traits that enhance a species' ability to thrive in unfamiliar environments.

**Hint:** Think about what traits would help a species survive and reproduce in a new habitat.

### Step 2: Evaluating Reproductive Ability
One important factor is reproductive ability. Species that reproduce quickly can establish populations more rapidly. However, low reproductive ability would hinder colonization.

**Hint:** Consider how quickly a species can increase its numbers and why that might be important.

### Step 3: Considering Dispersal Ability
Dispersal ability refers to how well a species can spread its offspring across distances. While high dispersal ability can be beneficial, it may not apply equally to all organisms, especially in the animal kingdom.

**Hint:** Reflect on how plants and animals disperse and why this might affect their colonization success.

### Step 4: Growth and Maturation Rate
The rate of growth and maturation is crucial. Species that grow and mature slowly would take longer to establish themselves in a new habitat, which is not advantageous for colonization.

**Hint:** Think about how growth rates impact a species' ability to compete for resources.

### Step 5: Competitive Ability
High competitive ability is essential for a species to thrive in a new habitat. Species that can effectively compete for resources such as food, space, and mates are more likely to establish and grow in a new environment.

**Hint:** Consider why competition is vital in ecosystems and how it influences species success.

### Conclusion
After evaluating all the options, the species that are most effective at colonizing new habitats show **high competitive ability**. This trait allows them to thrive and establish themselves successfully in new environments.

**Final Answer:** High competitive ability.