Branching descent and natural selection are the two key concepts of Darwinian Theory of Evolution. Explain each concept with the help of a suitable example.

Explanation

1. Branching Descent. Different species descending from the common ancestor-get adapted in different habitats e.g., (i) Drawins finches-varieties of finches arose from grain eaters. (ii) Australian marsupials-evolved from common marsupial.
2. Natural Selection. A process in which heritable variations enable better survival of a species to reproduce in large number. e.g., (i) White moth surviving before the industrial revolution and black moth surviving after industiral revolution. (ii) Logn necked giraffe survived. (iii) DDT resistant mosquito survive.