Write a note on depletion of ground water and ways for its replenishment.

Explanation

Ground Water Depletion and Ways for Its Replenishment.
Ground Water Depletion. Ground water is being increasingly pumped out due to high demand in urban areas as well as in agriculture. It is because assured surface water is not available everywhere. As a result water table has failed in several area. In Tamil Nadu water table bis lowered by 20-30 m while the lowering of 10 m has been observed in several parts of Punjab, Haryana and U.P.
Ways For its Replenishment.
1. Reduction in Consumption. More than 90% of irrigation water goes waste. Sprinkler subsurface irrigation techniques reduce the amount of water used in irrigation.
2. Rainwater Harvesting (RWH).
(i) Roof top harvesting. Rain water collected over roofs is allowed to pass into ground through deep rain water pipes. It can also be passed directly in old wells and punas.
(ii) Rivulets. Series of deep pits and filter topped wells are dug out in the beds of raij water streams, rivulets and rivers. Water percolates down and recharges ground water
(iii) Rainwater Tanks. Rain water is stored in tanks e.g., Johads (Rijasthan), madakas (Karnataka). In parts of Gujrat and Rajasthan, roof water is regularly collected in underground storage room called taka and tanka. Flood plains and block water should not be destroyed. They are a source of recharge of ground water.