Account for the causes of green house effect. How does this effect us?

Explanation

Green House Effect. It is the phenomenon where global warming occurs due to enhanced level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. It occurs due to excessive accumulation of `CO_2` in the atmosphere, which permits the sunlight to reach the earth.s surface. The earth sends back infrared radiation.s back into the atmosphere and these get absorbed by the green house gases present in the atmosphere. The atmosphere radiates part of this energy back to the earth. This downward flux of radiation, called greenhouse flux, keeps the earth warm. So, the atmospheric greenhouse gases forming a blanket over the earth, control the escape of heat from the earth.s surface to outer space. This leads to increase in the global temperature and this is referred to as Green house effect.
If there is excess increase in concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, then it would retain more and more of the infrared radiation, resulting in enhanced greenhouse effect. Consequently, there will be increase in the global mean temperature which is referred to as global warming.
Effects, (a) It will cause melting of polar ice cap and glaciers.
(b) It will also cause rise in sea level and violent tidal waves resulting in flooding of popular coastal plains, increase in the flow of rivers and change in rainfall pattern. It will produce negative impacts on human settlements, tourism, freshwater supplies, fisheries, exposed infrastructure, agricultural and dry lands and wetlands.
(c) The warming of atmosphere will increase its moisture carrying capacity. The troposphere will warm up and the stratosphere will cool down. This would cause widespread changes in precipitation patterns due to changed pattern of air mass movements.
(d) The climatic conditions will change and this will increase threat to human health particularly in tropic and subtropical countries due to change in ranges of disease vectors, water-borne pathogens etc.