Osazone formation involves only 2-carbon atoms of glucose
because of:

Options

A. oxidation
B. reduction
C. chelation
D. hydrolysis

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Osazone Formation**: Osazone formation is a reaction that occurs when reducing sugars, such as glucose, react with phenylhydrazine. This reaction leads to the formation of osazones, which are derivatives of sugars.

2. **Identifying the Structure of Glucose**: Glucose is a six-carbon sugar (C6H12O6) with the following structure:
- It contains an aldehyde group (-CHO) at one end and five hydroxyl groups (-OH) attached to the carbon atoms.

3. **Reaction with Phenylhydrazine**: When glucose reacts with phenylhydrazine (C6H5NHNH2), the aldehyde group reacts with phenylhydrazine to form a hydrazone. This reaction involves the carbon atom of the aldehyde group and one of the adjacent carbon atoms.

4. **Formation of Osazone**: The osazone formation involves the reaction of the hydrazone with another molecule of phenylhydrazine. This process primarily involves the first two carbon atoms of glucose (the carbonyl carbon and the adjacent carbon) because these are the sites of reaction.

5. **Reason for Involvement of Only Two Carbons**: The osazone formation involves only the two carbon atoms of glucose due to the phenomenon of chelation. Chelation refers to the formation of a complex where a molecule binds to a metal ion at multiple points. In this case, the two carbon atoms form stable bonds with phenylhydrazine, leading to the formation of the osazone.

6. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the osazone formation involves only two carbon atoms of glucose because of chelation, which stabilizes the structure and allows for the formation of the osazone.

**Final Answer**: Osazone formation involves only two carbon atoms of glucose because of chelation.

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