What is plant tissu culture? Write about medium aseptic conditions and importance of tissue culture.

Explanation

Tissue culture is a technique of regeneration of whole plant from explant (any part of plant inoculated in glass tube) by growing on a suitable culture/nutrient medium under aspetic controlled conditions (in vitro).
Nutrient medium is composed of sucrose-a carbon source, various inorganic amino acids and growth regulators like auxins, cytokinins, etc.
Aseptic Conditions. The explants, culture media, instruments and culture vessels used during plant tissue culture are made free from microbes called as sterilisation. For this explants are treated with specific antimicrobial chemicals like chlorine water or sodium or calcium hypochlorite solution. This is called surface sterilisation. The versal, culture media and instruments are sterilised with steam, dry heat or auto claving at `120^(@)C` for 15-20 min. These sterilised conditions are called aseptic conditions.
Importance.
1. Rapid mode of multiplication. 2. Clone/somaclones can be produced. 3. Disease free plants from virus infected plants can be produced. 4. Embryo rescure and successful hybridisation.