Describe briefly Downstream processing.

Explanation

Downstream processing is the recovery of product from the fully grown genetically modified cells, its purification and preservation. It is carried out after the sampling report indicates the completion of biosynthetic phase and presence of optimum product in the cells. After leaving a part of cellular mass of inoculum, the rest is crushed and chemically treated to separate the product. The separated product is purified and then formulated with suitable preservatives. Clinical trials are carried out to know its use and any immediate or long term adverse effect. Every batch of the product has to pass through strict quality control testing. Of course, the procedure and vigour of downstream processing and quality control varies from product to product.