The basicity of `RO^(-),HO^(-),RCOO^(-),ROH` and `H_(2)O` are of the order-

Options

A. `HO^(-) gt RO^(-) gt H_(2)O gt ROH gt RCOO^(-)`
B. `RO^(-) gt HO^(-) gt RCOO^(-) gt ROH gt H_(2)O`
C. `H_(2)O gt ROH gt RCOO^(-) gt HO^(-) gt RO^(-)`
D. `ROH gt H_(2)O gt HO^(-) gt RCOO^(-) gt RO^(-)`

Answer

To determine the basicity order of the species \( RO^-, HO^-, RCOO^-, ROH, \) and \( H_2O \), we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand Basicity and Acidity Relationship
Basicity is inversely related to acidity. A stronger acid has a weaker conjugate base, and a weaker acid has a stronger conjugate base.

### Step 2: Identify the Conjugate Acids
For each base, we can identify its conjugate acid:
- \( RO^- \) → conjugate acid is \( ROH \)
- \( HO^- \) → conjugate acid is \( H_2O \)
- \( RCOO^- \) → conjugate acid is \( RCOOH \)
- \( ROH \) → conjugate acid is \( H_2O \)
- \( H_2O \) → conjugate acid is \( H_3O^+ \)

### Step 3: Determine the Acidity of Each Conjugate Acid
Now, we can assess the acidity of these conjugate acids:
- \( H_3O^+ \) is the strongest acid.
- \( RCOOH \) (carboxylic acid) is a weak acid.
- \( ROH \) (alcohol) is weaker than \( RCOOH \).
- \( H_2O \) is the weakest acid among the listed acids.

### Step 4: Establish the Order of Acidity
Based on the acidity, we can establish the order:
1. \( H_3O^+ \) (strongest acid)
2. \( RCOOH \)
3. \( ROH \)
4. \( H_2O \)

### Step 5: Reverse the Order for Basicity
Since basicity is the inverse of acidity, we reverse the order:
1. \( RO^- \) (strongest base)
2. \( HO^- \)
3. \( RCOO^- \)
4. \( ROH \)
5. \( H_2O \) (weakest base)

### Final Order of Basicity
Thus, the order of basicity is:
\[ RO^- > HO^- > RCOO^- > ROH > H_2O \]