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We have taken a saturated solultion of A...

We have taken a saturated solultion of `AgBr, K_(SP)` is `12 xx 10^(-4)`. If `10^(-7) M` of `AgNO_(3)` are added to `1 L` of this solution, find conductivity (specific conductance) of this solution in term of `10^(-7) Sm^(-1)` units.
Given, `lambda_((Ag^(+)))^(@) = 6 xx 10^(-3) Sm^(2) mol^(-1)`,
`lambda_((Br^(-)))^(@) = 8 xx 10^(-3) Sm^(2) mol^(-1)`,
`lambda_((NO_(3)^(-)))^@ = 7 xx 10^(-3) Sm^(2) mol^(-1)`.
Neglect the contribution of solvent.

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To solve the problem step by step, we will follow the process outlined in the video transcript and derive the specific conductance of the solution containing AgBr and AgNO3. ### Step 1: Understand the Dissociation of Compounds AgBr dissociates in solution as follows: \[ \text{AgBr} \rightleftharpoons \text{Ag}^+ + \text{Br}^- \] AgNO3 dissociates as: \[ \text{AgNO}_3 \rightleftharpoons \text{Ag}^+ + \text{NO}_3^- \] ### Step 2: Define the Variables Let: - \( S \) = solubility of AgBr in mol/L - \( S' = 10^{-7} \) M (the concentration of AgNO3 added) ### Step 3: Apply the Common Ion Effect The concentration of Ag\(^+\) ions in the solution after adding AgNO3 will be: \[ [\text{Ag}^+] = S + S' = S + 10^{-7} \] The concentration of Br\(^-\) ions will remain as: \[ [\text{Br}^-] = S \] ### Step 4: Use the Solubility Product Constant (Ksp) The Ksp expression for AgBr is given by: \[ K_{sp} = [\text{Ag}^+][\text{Br}^-] \] Given \( K_{sp} = 12 \times 10^{-4} \): \[ 12 \times 10^{-4} = (S + 10^{-7}) \cdot S \] ### Step 5: Solve for S Expanding the equation: \[ 12 \times 10^{-4} = S^2 + 10^{-7}S \] Rearranging gives: \[ S^2 + 10^{-7}S - 12 \times 10^{-4} = 0 \] Using the quadratic formula \( S = \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a} \): - Here, \( a = 1 \), \( b = 10^{-7} \), \( c = -12 \times 10^{-4} \) Calculating the discriminant: \[ b^2 - 4ac = (10^{-7})^2 - 4(1)(-12 \times 10^{-4}) = 10^{-14} + 48 \times 10^{-4} \] \[ = 48 \times 10^{-4} + 10^{-14} \approx 48 \times 10^{-4} \] Now substituting into the quadratic formula: \[ S = \frac{-10^{-7} \pm \sqrt{48 \times 10^{-4}}}{2} \] Calculating the square root: \[ \sqrt{48 \times 10^{-4}} = 6.928 \times 10^{-2} \] Thus: \[ S = \frac{-10^{-7} + 6.928 \times 10^{-2}}{2} \approx 3.464 \times 10^{-2} \] ### Step 6: Calculate Concentrations - Concentration of Br\(^-\): \[ [\text{Br}^-] = S \approx 3.464 \times 10^{-2} \, \text{mol/L} \] - Concentration of Ag\(^+\): \[ [\text{Ag}^+] = S + S' \approx 3.464 \times 10^{-2} + 10^{-7} \approx 3.464 \times 10^{-2} \, \text{mol/L} \] - Concentration of NO3\(^-\): \[ [\text{NO}_3^-] = S' = 10^{-7} \, \text{mol/L} \] ### Step 7: Calculate Specific Conductivities Using the provided molar conductivities: - For Ag\(^+\): \[ \lambda_{\text{Ag}^+} = 6 \times 10^{-3} \, \text{S m}^2/\text{mol} \] \[ \text{Specific Conductivity of Ag}^+ = \lambda_{\text{Ag}^+} \times [\text{Ag}^+] = 6 \times 10^{-3} \times 3.464 \times 10^{-2} \approx 2.08 \times 10^{-4} \, \text{S/m} \] - For Br\(^-\): \[ \lambda_{\text{Br}^-} = 8 \times 10^{-3} \, \text{S m}^2/\text{mol} \] \[ \text{Specific Conductivity of Br}^- = \lambda_{\text{Br}^-} \times [\text{Br}^-] = 8 \times 10^{-3} \times 3.464 \times 10^{-2} \approx 2.77 \times 10^{-4} \, \text{S/m} \] - For NO3\(^-\): \[ \lambda_{\text{NO}_3^-} = 7 \times 10^{-3} \, \text{S m}^2/\text{mol} \] \[ \text{Specific Conductivity of NO}_3^- = \lambda_{\text{NO}_3^-} \times [\text{NO}_3^-] = 7 \times 10^{-3} \times 10^{-7} \approx 7 \times 10^{-10} \, \text{S/m} \] ### Step 8: Total Specific Conductivity Adding the specific conductivities: \[ \text{Total Specific Conductivity} = 2.08 \times 10^{-4} + 2.77 \times 10^{-4} + 7 \times 10^{-10} \approx 5.85 \times 10^{-4} \, \text{S/m} \] ### Step 9: Convert to \( 10^{-7} \, \text{S/m} \) To express in terms of \( 10^{-7} \, \text{S/m} \): \[ \text{Total Specific Conductivity} \approx 58.5 \times 10^{-7} \, \text{S/m} \] ### Final Answer The specific conductance of the solution is approximately: \[ \boxed{58.5} \]
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