Which of the following is most basic

Options

A. Diphenylamine
B. Triphenyl amine
C. p-Nitroaniline
D. Benzylamine

Answer

To determine which of the given compounds is the most basic, we need to analyze the structure and electron-donating or withdrawing effects of each compound. Here’s a step-by-step solution:

### Step 1: Identify the Compounds
The compounds given are:
1. Diphenylamine
2. Triphenylamine
3. Para-nitroaniline
4. Benzylamine

### Step 2: Understand Basicity
Basicity refers to the ability of a compound to donate a lone pair of electrons. The presence of electron-donating groups increases basicity, while electron-withdrawing groups decrease it.

### Step 3: Analyze Each Compound
1. **Diphenylamine**: Contains two phenyl groups attached to nitrogen. The phenyl groups are electron-withdrawing due to resonance, which decreases the availability of the lone pair on nitrogen.

2. **Triphenylamine**: Contains three phenyl groups attached to nitrogen. Similar to diphenylamine, the three phenyl groups further withdraw electron density from nitrogen, making it less basic.

3. **Para-nitroaniline**: Contains a nitro group (NO2) at the para position relative to the amine group. The nitro group is a strong electron-withdrawing group, which significantly decreases the basicity of the amine.

4. **Benzylamine**: Contains an amine group attached to a benzyl group (C6H5-CH2-). The benzyl group is less electron-withdrawing compared to the phenyl groups in the previous compounds, allowing the lone pair on nitrogen to be more available for donation.

### Step 4: Compare Basicity
- **Diphenylamine** and **Triphenylamine**: Both are less basic due to the presence of multiple electron-withdrawing phenyl groups.
- **Para-nitroaniline**: The presence of the nitro group makes it the least basic due to strong electron-withdrawing effects.
- **Benzylamine**: Has no strong electron-withdrawing groups, making it the most basic of the four compounds.

### Conclusion
Based on the analysis, **benzylamine** is the most basic compound among the options provided.

### Final Answer
**Benzylamine is the most basic compound.**

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