Which of the following is added to chloroform in a small quantity before is bottled for sale ?

Options

A. `CH_(2)OH`
B. `C_(2)H_(5)Cl`
C. `C_(2)H_(5)OH`
D. `AgNO_(3)`

Answer

To solve the question "Which of the following is added to chloroform in a small quantity before it is bottled for sale?", we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the Chemical Nature of Chloroform
Chloroform is chemically known as trichloromethane (CHCl3). It is important to recognize its properties and behavior, especially regarding its stability and reactivity.

**Hint:** Remember that chloroform is a halogenated hydrocarbon and can undergo oxidation.

### Step 2: Identify the Risk of Oxidation
Chloroform can be oxidized by air, particularly in the presence of light. This oxidation can lead to the formation of harmful byproducts, specifically phosgene (COCl2), which is a highly toxic gas.

**Hint:** Consider the environmental conditions (like light and air) that can affect the stability of chloroform.

### Step 3: Determine the Need for an Additive
To prevent the formation of phosgene during storage and handling, an additive is required. This additive must react with any phosgene that may form to render it non-toxic.

**Hint:** Think about common substances that can neutralize or react with toxic compounds.

### Step 4: Identify the Additive Used
The additive commonly used is ethyl alcohol (ethanol). When added in small quantities (about 0.6% to 1%), ethanol reacts with any phosgene that may form, converting it into a non-toxic compound called diethyl carbonate.

**Hint:** Recall that alcohols can often react with halides or carbonyl compounds to form esters or other derivatives.

### Step 5: Conclude the Answer
Based on the above analysis, the substance added to chloroform before it is bottled for sale is ethyl alcohol.

**Final Answer:** Ethyl alcohol (ethanol) is added to chloroform in a small quantity before it is bottled for sale.

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