Identify the end product :
`CH_(3)CH_(2)CH_(2)CHOoverset(Ammonical AgNO_(3))(to)Xoverset(NaHCO_(3))(to)Yunderset(Delta)overset(NaOH+CaO)(to)Z`

Options

A. `CH_(3)-CH_(2)CH_(2)-COOH`
B. `CH_(3)-CH_(2)-CH_(2)-CH_(3)`
C. `CH_(3)-CH_(2)-COOH`
D. `CH_(3)-CH_(2)-CH_(3)`

Answer

To solve the problem step by step, we will analyze the reactions one by one.

### Step 1: Reaction of Aldehyde with Ammonical AgNO3
The starting compound is **CH₃CH₂CH₂CHO**, which is butanal (an aldehyde). When butanal reacts with ammonical silver nitrate (Tollens' reagent), it undergoes oxidation to form a carboxylic acid.

**Reaction:**
\[ \text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{CHO} + \text{Ag}_2\text{O} \rightarrow \text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{COOH} + \text{Ag} \]

**Product X:**
- The product of this reaction is **butanoic acid (CH₃CH₂CH₂COOH)**.

### Step 2: Reaction of Product X with Sodium Bicarbonate
Next, we take the product from Step 1 (butanoic acid) and react it with sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃). This will result in the formation of the sodium salt of butanoic acid.

**Reaction:**
\[ \text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{COOH} + \text{NaHCO}_3 \rightarrow \text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{COONa} + \text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{CO}_2 \]

**Product Y:**
- The product of this reaction is **sodium butanoate (CH₃CH₂CH₂COONa)**.

### Step 3: Decarboxylation of Product Y
In the final step, we take the sodium salt of butanoic acid (sodium butanoate) and treat it with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and calcium oxide (CaO) with heat. This process leads to decarboxylation, where the carboxyl group is removed, resulting in the formation of an alkane.

**Reaction:**
\[ \text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{COONa} + \text{NaOH} + \text{CaO} \xrightarrow{\Delta} \text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_3 + \text{Na}_2\text{CO}_3 \]

**Product Z:**
- The final product of this reaction is **propane (CH₃CH₂CH₃)**.

### Summary of Products
- **X (after first reaction)**: Butanoic acid (CH₃CH₂CH₂COOH)
- **Y (after second reaction)**: Sodium butanoate (CH₃CH₂CH₂COONa)
- **Z (final product)**: Propane (CH₃CH₂CH₃)

### Final Answer
The end product Z is **propane (CH₃CH₂CH₃)**.

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