Aniline can be prepares by :

Options

A. `C_(6)H_(5)NO_(2)overset(SnCl_(2)+NaOH)(to)`
B. `C_(6)H_(5)NO_(2)underset("Electrolysis")overset(Dil.H_(2)SO_(4))(to)`
C. `C_(6)H_(5)NO_(2)overset("Aq. sodium arsenite")(to)`
D. `C_(6)H_(5)NO_(2)overset(Zn+NaOH(H_(2)O))(to)`

Answer

To prepare aniline, we can follow these steps based on the reduction of nitrobenzene:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Starting Material**:
- The starting material for the preparation of aniline is nitrobenzene (C6H5NO2).

2. **Reduction Process**:
- Nitrobenzene can be reduced to aniline (C6H5NH2) through a reduction reaction. This can be achieved using various reducing agents.

3. **Using Stannous Chloride (SnCl2) and Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)**:
- One common method is to use stannous chloride (SnCl2) in the presence of hydrochloric acid (HCl).
- The nitro group (-NO2) in nitrobenzene is reduced to an amino group (-NH2), resulting in the formation of aniline.

4. **Electrolysis Method**:
- Another method involves the electrolysis of nitrobenzene in dilute sulfuric acid (H2SO4).
- During electrolysis, nitrobenzene is first converted to hydroxylamine (C6H5NH2OH), which can then rearrange to form aniline.

5. **Final Product**:
- The final product obtained from either method is aniline (C6H5NH2).

### Conclusion:
Aniline can be prepared from nitrobenzene through reduction using stannous chloride and hydrochloric acid or through electrolysis in dilute sulfuric acid.

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