The nitration of propane with concentrated `HNO_(3)` gives :

Options

A. `CH_(3)CH_(2)CH_(2)NO_(2)`
B. `CH_(3)underset(NO_(2))(CHCH_(3)`
C. `CH_(3)CH_(2)NO_(2)`
D. `CH_(3)NO_(2)`

Answer

To solve the question regarding the nitration of propane with concentrated HNO3, we will follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Reaction**:
- Nitration involves the substitution of a hydrogen atom in an alkane (in this case, propane) with a nitro group (NO2).
- Propane has the molecular formula C3H8, represented as CH3-CH2-CH3.

2. **Conditions for Nitration**:
- At ordinary temperatures, alkanes do not react with concentrated HNO3.
- However, when propane is exposed to fuming HNO3 vapors at elevated temperatures (between 423 to 673 K), nitration can occur.

3. **Products of Nitration**:
- The nitration of propane can yield several products due to the different positions where the nitro group can attach:
- **1-Nitropropane** (CH3-CH2-CH2-NO2): This is formed when the nitro group is attached to the terminal carbon.
- **2-Nitropropane** (CH3-CH(NO2)-CH3): This is formed when the nitro group is attached to the middle carbon.
- **Nitromethane** (CH3-NO2): This can also be formed as a minor product.
- **Nitroethane** (CH3-CH2-NO2): This can also be formed as a minor product.

4. **Percentage Distribution of Products**:
- The expected distribution of products from the nitration of propane at high temperatures is approximately:
- 1-Nitropropane: 25%
- 2-Nitropropane: 40%
- Nitromethane: 25%
- Nitroethane: 10%
- Other by-products such as CO2, NO2, and H2O may also be formed.

5. **Conclusion**:
- The nitration of propane with concentrated HNO3 gives a mixture of nitroalkanes, primarily 1-nitropropane and 2-nitropropane, along with minor amounts of nitromethane and nitroethane.

### Final Answer:
The nitration of propane with concentrated HNO3 gives a mixture of nitroalkanes including 1-nitropropane, 2-nitropropane, nitromethane, and nitroethane.