Statement-I : In nitration `H_(2)SO_(4)` is used as sulphonating agent.
Because
Statement-II : Benzene has multicenter `pi` bonding

Options

A. Statement-I is True, Statement-II is True : Statement-II is a correct explanation for Statement-I
B. Statement-I is True, Statement-II is True : Statement-II is `NOT` a correct explanation for Statement-I
C. Statement-I is True, Statement-II is False.
D. Statement-I is False, Statement-II is True.

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Statement-I:**
- Statement-I claims that in nitration, \( H_2SO_4 \) is used as a sulphonating agent.
- In reality, \( H_2SO_4 \) is not used in nitration; it is primarily used in the sulfonation reaction.

2. **Clarifying Nitration Process:**
- Nitration involves the introduction of a nitro group (\( NO_2 \)) into an aromatic compound like benzene.
- The nitrating mixture typically consists of concentrated nitric acid (\( HNO_3 \)) and concentrated sulfuric acid (\( H_2SO_4 \)), where \( H_2SO_4 \) acts as a catalyst to generate the electrophile \( NO_2^+ \).

3. **Conclusion on Statement-I:**
- Since \( H_2SO_4 \) is not the sulphonating agent in nitration but is involved in the generation of the electrophile for nitration, Statement-I is **incorrect**.

4. **Understanding Statement-II:**
- Statement-II states that benzene has multicenter \( \pi \) bonding.
- Benzene is known for its resonance structure, which allows it to have delocalized \( \pi \) electrons across the six carbon atoms.

5. **Explaining Multicenter \( \pi \) Bonding:**
- In benzene, the \( \pi \) electrons are not localized between two carbon atoms but are spread over all six carbon atoms, creating a stable structure.
- This delocalization can be represented by various resonance forms, confirming the presence of multicenter \( \pi \) bonding.

6. **Conclusion on Statement-II:**
- Since benzene indeed exhibits multicenter \( \pi \) bonding due to its resonance structures, Statement-II is **correct**.

7. **Final Evaluation:**
- Statement-I is incorrect, and Statement-II is correct. Thus, the overall conclusion is that the statements are not both true.

**Final Answer:**
- Statement-I is false, and Statement-II is true.

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