`C_(2)H_(5)OHoverset(PCl_(5))rarr(A)overset(KCN)rarr(B)overset(H_(3)O^(+))rarr(C)overset(NH_(3))rarr(D)overset("heat")rarr(E)`
Identify the products

Answer

To solve the given question step by step, we will identify the products formed in each reaction sequentially.

### Step 1: Reaction of Ethyl Alcohol with PCl5
- **Starting Compound**: Ethyl alcohol (C2H5OH)
- **Reagent**: PCl5
- **Reaction**: Ethyl alcohol reacts with phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5) to form ethyl chloride (C2H5Cl) and phosphorus oxychloride (POCl3) along with hydrochloric acid (HCl).
- **Product A**: C2H5Cl (ethyl chloride)

### Step 2: Reaction of Product A with KCN
- **Starting Compound**: C2H5Cl (from Step 1)
- **Reagent**: KCN
- **Reaction**: Ethyl chloride reacts with potassium cyanide (KCN) to form propionitrile (C2H5C≡N) and potassium chloride (KCl).
- **Product B**: C2H5C≡N (propionitrile)

### Step 3: Reaction of Product B with H3O+
- **Starting Compound**: C2H5C≡N (from Step 2)
- **Reagent**: H3O+ (acidic medium)
- **Reaction**: Propionitrile undergoes hydrolysis in the presence of hydronium ions to form propionic acid (C2H5COOH) and ammonia (NH3).
- **Product C**: C2H5COOH (propionic acid)

### Step 4: Reaction of Product C with NH3
- **Starting Compound**: C2H5COOH (from Step 3)
- **Reagent**: NH3 (ammonia)
- **Reaction**: Propionic acid reacts with ammonia to form an ammonium salt (C2H5C(=O)O-NH4+) of propionic acid.
- **Product D**: C2H5C(=O)O-NH4+ (ammonium propionate)

### Step 5: Heating Product D
- **Starting Compound**: C2H5C(=O)O-NH4+ (from Step 4)
- **Reaction**: Upon heating, the ammonium salt decomposes to form propanamide (C2H5CONH2) and water (H2O).
- **Product E**: C2H5CONH2 (propanamide)

### Summary of Products
- **A**: C2H5Cl (ethyl chloride)
- **B**: C2H5C≡N (propionitrile)
- **C**: C2H5COOH (propionic acid)
- **D**: C2H5C(=O)O-NH4+ (ammonium propionate)
- **E**: C2H5CONH2 (propanamide)