Synthetic polymer bakelite can be prepared from following compounds:-

Options

A. Styrene and vinyl chloride
B. Phenol and formaldehyde
C. Acrylontile and vinyl chloride
D. Adipic acid and ethylene glycol

Answer

To prepare the synthetic polymer Bakelite, we need to identify the monomer units involved in its synthesis. Bakelite is primarily formed from two compounds: phenol and formaldehyde. Here’s a step-by-step explanation of the process:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Monomers**:
- Bakelite is synthesized from phenol (C6H5OH) and formaldehyde (HCHO). These two compounds are the essential building blocks (monomers) for the polymerization process.

2. **Understanding Polymerization**:
- Polymerization is the process through which monomers combine to form a polymer. In the case of Bakelite, phenol and formaldehyde undergo a series of reactions to create a complex network structure.

3. **Initial Reaction**:
- The first step involves the reaction of phenol with formaldehyde in the presence of a catalyst (usually a base). This leads to the formation of a compound called Novolac, which is a linear polymer.

\[ \text{Phenol} + \text{Formaldehyde} \rightarrow \text{Novolac} + \text{H}_2\text{O} \]

4. **Formation of Novolac**:
- Novolac is formed when phenol reacts with formaldehyde, resulting in a linear structure. This structure contains hydroxymethyl groups (-CH2OH) that can further react.

5. **Cross-linking to Form Bakelite**:
- Upon heating, Novolac undergoes cross-linking with additional formaldehyde. This cross-linking transforms the linear Novolac into a three-dimensional network structure, which is characteristic of Bakelite.

\[ \text{Novolac} + \text{Formaldehyde} \rightarrow \text{Bakelite} + \text{H}_2\text{O} \]

6. **Final Structure of Bakelite**:
- The final structure of Bakelite is a thermosetting polymer, which is rigid and heat-resistant due to the extensive cross-linking between the polymer chains.

### Conclusion:
The synthetic polymer Bakelite can be prepared from phenol and formaldehyde. Therefore, the answer to the question is that Bakelite is formed from these two compounds.

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