Benzoic acid reacts with `Ca(OH)_(2)`. The product obtained on dry distillation gives-

Options

A. Benzophenone
B. Acetophenone
C. Benzaldehyde
D. None of these

Answer

To solve the question, we will follow these steps:

### Step 1: Identify the Reactants
The reactants in this reaction are benzoic acid (C₆H₅COOH) and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂).

### Step 2: Reaction of Benzoic Acid with Calcium Hydroxide
When benzoic acid reacts with calcium hydroxide, it forms calcium benzoate and water. The reaction can be represented as follows:

\[ \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{COOH} + \text{Ca(OH)}_2 \rightarrow \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{COO}^- \text{Ca}^{2+} + \text{H}_2\text{O} \]

This can also be written as:

\[ \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{COO}_2\text{Ca} \]

### Step 3: Dry Distillation of Calcium Benzoate
The next step is to perform dry distillation on the calcium benzoate formed. During dry distillation, calcium benzoate decomposes to form benzophenone (C₁₄H₁₁O) along with calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) or calcium oxide (CaO) and water (H₂O). The reaction can be summarized as:

\[ 2 \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{COO}^- \text{Ca}^{2+} \xrightarrow{\text{Dry Distillation}} \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{CO} - \text{C}_6\text{H}_5 + \text{CaCO}_3 \text{ or } \text{CaO} + \text{H}_2\text{O} \]

### Step 4: Identify the Product
The main product formed from the dry distillation of calcium benzoate is benzophenone (C₁₄H₁₁O), which is a ketone.

### Conclusion
Thus, the product obtained from the dry distillation of the calcium salt formed from benzoic acid and calcium hydroxide is benzophenone.

### Final Answer
The product obtained on dry distillation is **benzophenone**.

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