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Larger and more numerous nucleoli are pr...

Larger and more numerous nucleoli are present in cells actively carrying out protein synthesis

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### Step-by-Step Solution 1. **Understanding Nucleolus Function**: The nucleolus is a structure within the nucleus of a cell that is primarily responsible for the synthesis of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and the assembly of ribosomes. 2. **Role of Ribosomes in Protein Synthesis**: Ribosomes are the cellular machinery where protein synthesis occurs. They translate messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptide chains, which then fold into functional proteins. 3. **Correlation Between Nucleolus Size and Activity**: In cells that are actively synthesizing proteins, there is a higher demand for ribosomes. Therefore, these cells will have larger and more numerous nucleoli. This is because the nucleolus must produce more rRNA and assemble more ribosomal subunits to meet the increased need for protein synthesis. 4. **Conclusion**: Since the statement claims that larger and more numerous nucleoli are present in cells that are actively carrying out protein synthesis, and given that the presence of larger and more numerous nucleoli correlates with increased ribosome production, the statement is true. ### Final Answer The statement is true: Larger and more numerous nucleoli are present in cells actively carrying out protein synthesis. ---
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