Mitochondria and chloroplast divides by

Options

A. Meiosis-I equivalent to mitosis division
B. Mitosis
C. Fission
D. Meiosis

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Mitochondria and Chloroplasts**:
- Mitochondria and chloroplasts are known as semi-autonomous organelles. This means they can replicate independently of the cell's nucleus.

2. **Presence of Genetic Material**:
- Both organelles contain their own DNA, which is circular and double-stranded. This is similar to bacterial DNA.

3. **Ribosomes and Enzymes**:
- Mitochondria have 70S ribosomes and various enzymes that facilitate their functions. Chloroplasts also have similar structures.

4. **Division Process**:
- Mitochondria and chloroplasts divide through a process known as fission. This process is akin to bacterial fission, where a single organism divides into two.

5. **Independence from Nucleus**:
- The division of mitochondria and chloroplasts occurs independently of the cell's nucleus, allowing them to increase in number as needed.

6. **Conclusion**:
- Therefore, the correct answer to the question is that mitochondria and chloroplasts divide by fission.

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