The gradual & fairly predictable change in the species composition of a given area is called :-

Options

A. Scarification
B. Eutrophication
C. Ecological succession
D. Stratification

Answer

To solve the question regarding the gradual and fairly predictable change in the species composition of a given area, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Question**: The question asks for a term that describes a gradual and predictable change in species composition in a specific area.

2. **Analyze the Options**: The options provided are:
- Scarification
- Eutrophication
- Ecological succession
- Stratification

3. **Define Each Term**:
- **Scarification**: This refers to the process of breaking or softening the seed coat to promote germination. It does not relate to changes in species composition.
- **Eutrophication**: This is the process where water bodies become enriched with nutrients, leading to increased plant growth and decay. It is more about nutrient dynamics than species composition.
- **Ecological Succession**: This is the process of change in the species structure of an ecological community over time. It involves a series of stages where different species replace one another in a predictable manner.
- **Stratification**: This refers to the layering of vegetation or organisms in an ecosystem, which does not specifically address changes in species composition over time.

4. **Identify the Correct Answer**: Based on the definitions, **Ecological Succession** is the term that best fits the description of a gradual and predictable change in species composition.

5. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the correct answer to the question is **Ecological Succession**.

### Final Answer:
The gradual and fairly predictable change in the species composition of a given area is called **Ecological Succession**.

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