Species area relationship was given by :-

Options

A. Robert constranza
B. Alexander von humboldt
C. Alexander flemming
D. Stamford ecologist Paul Ehrlich

Answer

To answer the question regarding who proposed the species-area relationship, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Concept**: The species-area relationship refers to the observation that larger areas tend to contain more species. This concept is important in ecology and conservation biology.

2. **Identify Key Figures**: The question provides four options: Robert Constanza, Alexander von Humboldt, Alexander Fleming, and Paul Enrich. We need to determine which of these individuals is associated with the species-area relationship.

3. **Research Historical Context**: Alexander von Humboldt is known for his explorations and studies in the natural sciences, particularly in the South American jungles. He made significant contributions to understanding the relationship between species diversity and area.

4. **Recall Specific Contributions**: While exploring the jungles, Humboldt formulated the idea that species richness increases with the area explored, but this increase is subject to a limit.

5. **Select the Correct Answer**: Based on the historical context and contributions, the correct answer to the question is Alexander von Humboldt.

### Final Answer:
The species-area relationship was given by **Alexander von Humboldt**.

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