In which of the following elaters are found ?

Options

A. Angiosperms
B. Bryophyta
C. Algae
D. Bacteria

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Elaters**: Elaters are specialized structures that are long, spindle-shaped, and hygroscopic, meaning they can absorb moisture from the environment. They also have spiral thickenings.

2. **Location of Elaters**: Elaters are specifically found in the capsules of bryophytes, which are non-vascular plants that include mosses and liverworts. They are present alongside spores.

3. **Function of Elaters**: The primary role of elaters is to assist in the dispersal of spores. When elaters absorb water, they change shape and help to release the spores into the environment.

4. **Analyzing the Options**:
- **Angiosperms**: These are flowering plants and do not contain elaters. Therefore, this option is incorrect.
- **Bryophytes**: This group includes mosses and liverworts, which do contain elaters. This option is correct.
- **Algae**: Algae are simple aquatic organisms and do not possess elaters. This option is incorrect.
- **Bacteria**: Bacteria are prokaryotic organisms and also lack elaters. This option is incorrect.

5. **Conclusion**: Based on the analysis, the correct answer to the question "In which of the following are elaters found?" is **Bryophytes**.

**Final Answer**: B) Bryophytes

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