Which of the following is not associated with HGP-

Options

A. Bioniformatics
B. Cloning vectors BAC & YAC
C. Automated DNA sequencers
D. VNTR

Answer

To solve the question "Which of the following is not associated with HGP (Human Genome Project)?", we will analyze each of the provided options step by step.

### Step 1: Understand the Human Genome Project (HGP)
The Human Genome Project was an international scientific research project aimed at mapping and understanding all the genes of the human species. It involved sequencing the entire human genome and identifying the various genes and their functions.

**Hint:** Familiarize yourself with the objectives and outcomes of the Human Genome Project.

### Step 2: Analyze the Options
We need to evaluate each option to determine which one is not associated with HGP.

1. **Option A: Bioinformatics**
- Bioinformatics is a field that combines biology, computer science, and information technology to analyze biological data. The HGP heavily relied on bioinformatics for data collection, storage, and analysis.
- **Conclusion:** This option is associated with HGP.

2. **Option B: Cloning Vector BACYAC**
- BACYAC refers to bacterial artificial chromosomes, which are used as vectors to clone DNA fragments. Cloning vectors are essential tools in genetic research, including the HGP, for manipulating and studying genes.
- **Conclusion:** This option is associated with HGP.

3. **Option C: Automated DNA Sequencers**
- Automated DNA sequencers are machines that can quickly read the sequences of DNA. This technology was crucial for the HGP, as it allowed for rapid sequencing of the human genome.
- **Conclusion:** This option is associated with HGP.

4. **Option D: VNTR (Variable Number of Tandem Repeats)**
- VNTRs are repeating sequences in DNA that vary in number among individuals. While VNTRs are used in DNA fingerprinting and forensic analysis, they are not a primary focus of the Human Genome Project, which aimed to sequence the entire genome rather than analyze specific repeating sequences for identification purposes.
- **Conclusion:** This option is not associated with HGP.

### Final Answer
The correct answer is **Option D: VNTR (Variable Number of Tandem Repeats)**, as it is primarily used in DNA fingerprinting and not directly associated with the Human Genome Project.

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