Assertion :- Multiple alleles can be observed or studies in an organism, when its complete genome is known.
Reason :- Occasionally, a single gene product may produce more than one effect.

Options

A. If both Assertion & Reason are True & the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
B. If both Assertion & Reason are true but Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
C. If Assertion is True but the Reason is Flase.
D. If both Assertion & Reason are false.

Answer

To analyze the assertion and reason provided in the question, we will break down the concepts involved step by step.

### Step 1: Understand the Assertion
The assertion states that "Multiple alleles can be observed or studied in an organism when its complete genome is known."
- Multiple alleles refer to the existence of more than two alleles for a single gene. A classic example is the ABO blood group system in humans, which has three alleles: A, B, and O.
- While knowing the complete genome of an organism can certainly aid in identifying multiple alleles, it is not a strict requirement. Multiple alleles can be studied through various genetic techniques even if the complete genome is not fully sequenced.

### Step 2: Understand the Reason
The reason states that "Occasionally, a single gene product may produce more than one effect."
- This statement refers to the phenomenon known as pleiotropy, where one gene influences multiple phenotypic traits. For example, in sickle cell anemia, the mutation in a single gene affects not only the shape of red blood cells but also has implications for other traits, such as susceptibility to malaria.

### Step 3: Evaluate the Relationship Between Assertion and Reason
- Both the assertion and the reason are true statements in their own right. However, the reason does not provide a correct explanation for the assertion. The assertion is about the observation of multiple alleles, while the reason discusses the effects of a single gene product, which are two different concepts.

### Step 4: Conclusion
Based on the evaluation:
- The assertion is true but not entirely dependent on the complete genome being known.
- The reason is true but does not explain the assertion.
- Therefore, the correct conclusion is that both the assertion and reason are true, but the reason is not the correct explanation for the assertion.

### Final Answer
Both the assertion and reason are true, but the reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.

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