Assertion :- The probability of DNA polymorphism would be higher in non-coding DNA sequences.
Reason : Mutations in these seuqences may not have any immediate effect in an individual's reproductive ability.

Options

A. If both Assertion & Reason are True & the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
B. If both Assertion & Reason are trur but Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
C. If Assertion is True but the Reason is Flase.
D. If both Assertion & Reason are false.

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Assertion:**
- The assertion states that the probability of DNA polymorphism is higher in non-coding DNA sequences.
- DNA polymorphism refers to the occurrence of two or more genetically different sequences within a population. Non-coding DNA sequences are regions of DNA that do not code for proteins.

2. **Analyzing DNA Polymorphism:**
- Polymorphism can occur in various forms, including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and larger structural variations.
- Non-coding regions are less likely to be subject to selective pressure compared to coding regions, which are critical for protein function.

3. **Understanding the Reason:**
- The reason provided states that mutations in non-coding DNA may not have any immediate effect on an individual's reproductive ability.
- This is true because non-coding regions do not directly influence the traits that affect survival and reproduction.

4. **Connecting Assertion and Reason:**
- Since mutations in non-coding DNA do not affect reproductive success, these mutations can accumulate over time without being eliminated by natural selection.
- This accumulation leads to a higher probability of polymorphism in these regions.

5. **Conclusion:**
- Both the assertion and reason are true. The reason correctly explains why the assertion holds true, as mutations in non-coding regions can lead to increased polymorphism without affecting reproductive fitness.

6. **Final Answer:**
- The correct answer is that both the assertion and reason are true, and the reason is the correct explanation for the assertion.

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