JG cells of Juxta glomerular release to

Options

A. (1) ANF
B. (2) Rennin
C. (3) ADH
D. (4) Renin

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Cells**: The question refers to the JG (Juxta Glomerular) cells, which are specialized cells located in the juxtaglomerular apparatus of the kidney.

2. **Function of JG Cells**: The primary function of the JG cells is to regulate blood pressure. They are responsible for the synthesis and secretion of the enzyme renin.

3. **Renin Release**: When blood pressure drops or there is a decrease in sodium chloride concentration in the distal convoluted tubule, the JG cells release renin into the bloodstream.

4. **Renin's Role in the Body**: Renin plays a crucial role in the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS). It converts angiotensinogen (a protein produced by the liver) into angiotensin I.

5. **Conversion to Angiotensin II**: Angiotensin I is then converted into angiotensin II by the action of the enzyme angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), primarily in the lungs.

6. **Effects of Angiotensin II**: Angiotensin II has multiple effects, including:
- Stimulating the adrenal glands to release aldosterone, which promotes sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys.
- Causing vasoconstriction, which increases blood pressure.
- Stimulating thirst and increasing fluid intake.

7. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the JG cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus release renin, which is essential for regulating blood pressure and fluid balance in the body.