Human menstrual cycle is controlled by hormones produced and secreted by :

Options

A. Pituitary and Ovary
B. Pituitary and Uterus
C. Only uterus
D. Only Ovary

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Identify the Starting Point:** The human menstrual cycle is regulated by hormones. The process begins in the hypothalamus, a part of the brain.

2. **Hormone Release from the Hypothalamus:** The hypothalamus produces and releases Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH). This hormone is crucial as it signals the next step in the hormonal cascade.

3. **Action on the Pituitary Gland:** The GnRH travels to the anterior pituitary gland, which is located just below the hypothalamus. The anterior pituitary is responsible for producing and secreting several important hormones.

4. **Hormones Secreted by the Anterior Pituitary:** In response to GnRH, the anterior pituitary releases two key hormones: Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH). Both of these hormones play significant roles in regulating the menstrual cycle.

5. **Role of FSH and LH:**
- **Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH):** FSH stimulates the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles, which contain the eggs.
- **Luteinizing Hormone (LH):** LH triggers ovulation and the formation of the corpus luteum from the ruptured follicle.

6. **Ovarian Hormone Production:** The ovarian follicles, under the influence of FSH, produce estrogen. Estrogen is essential for the regulation of the menstrual cycle and prepares the uterus for potential pregnancy.

7. **Conclusion:** Therefore, the human menstrual cycle is controlled by hormones produced and secreted by the hypothalamus, anterior pituitary, and the ovaries. The primary organs involved are the pituitary gland and the ovaries.

**Final Answer:** The human menstrual cycle is controlled by hormones produced and secreted by the pituitary gland and the ovaries.

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