Which hormones is essential for maintenance of the endometrium.

Options

A. FSH
B. LH
C. Progesterone
D. Testosterone

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks which hormone is essential for the maintenance of the endometrium, which is the inner lining of the uterus.

2. **Identifying the Hormones**: The options provided are FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone), ALiD (not a standard hormone, possibly a typo), progesterone, and testosterone.

3. **Role of Progesterone**: Among the hormones listed, progesterone is known for its role in preparing and maintaining the endometrium. It is secreted in large amounts by the corpus luteum after ovulation.

4. **Function of the Endometrium**: The endometrium is crucial for the implantation of a fertilized ovum. Progesterone helps to thicken the endometrium and maintain it in a state suitable for implantation.

5. **Effect of Fertilization**: If fertilization occurs, the corpus luteum continues to produce progesterone, which keeps the endometrium intact. However, if fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum degenerates, leading to a decrease in progesterone levels.

6. **Consequences of Low Progesterone**: The decrease in progesterone causes the endometrium to disintegrate, leading to menstruation and the beginning of a new cycle.

7. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the hormone essential for the maintenance of the endometrium is progesterone.

**Final Answer**: Progesterone is the hormone essential for the maintenance of the endometrium.

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