During differentiation cells undergo few to major structural changes both in their (A)____ and (B)_____

Answer

To answer the question about the structural changes that occur during cell differentiation, we can break it down into steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Differentiation**: Differentiation is the process by which cells mature and develop into specific types that perform distinct functions. This process involves significant changes in the cell's structure.

2. **Identifying the Components**: During differentiation, the structural changes occur in two main areas of the cell:
- (A) **Cytoplasm**: This is the gel-like substance within the cell membrane where various organelles are suspended. Changes in the cytoplasm may include the loss of certain organelles or the alteration of cytoplasmic contents to suit the specific function of the cell.
- (B) **Cell Wall**: In plant cells, the cell wall undergoes significant changes during differentiation. This can include thickening or lignification, which is the process of adding lignin to the cell wall, making it more rigid and supportive.

3. **Example of Differentiation**: A specific example of differentiation in plant cells is the formation of tracheids, which are specialized cells in the xylem responsible for water transport. During their maturation:
- The tracheids lose their cytoplasm, meaning they no longer contain living cellular contents.
- Their cell walls become thickened and lignified, which enhances their structural integrity and ability to conduct water.

4. **Filling in the Blanks**: Based on the understanding of differentiation and the changes that occur:
- (A) **Cytoplasm**
- (B) **Cell Wall**

Thus, the complete answer is: During differentiation, cells undergo few to major structural changes both in their **cytoplasm** and **cell wall**.