Decrease in blood volume activate
_____which secrete ADH which
prevent____and also effect kidney function by it's _____ effect on blood vessels. lt Causes____ in blood pressure.
Causes____in GFR.

Answer

### Step-by-Step Text Solution:

1. **Identify the Trigger**: The question begins with a decrease in blood volume. This physiological change activates a specific gland in the body.

2. **Activation of the Gland**: The decrease in blood volume activates the **posterior pituitary gland** (also referred to as the neurohypophysis). This gland is responsible for the secretion of certain hormones.

3. **Secretion of ADH**: Upon activation, the posterior pituitary gland secretes **Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)**. This hormone plays a crucial role in regulating water balance in the body.

4. **Function of ADH**: The primary function of ADH is to **prevent diuresis**, which is the excessive loss of water through urine. By promoting water reabsorption in the kidneys, ADH helps to maintain blood volume.

5. **Effect on Blood Vessels**: ADH also affects kidney function by exerting a **constrictory effect on blood vessels**. This means that it causes blood vessels to constrict, which can influence blood flow and pressure.

6. **Impact on Blood Pressure**: The constriction of blood vessels leads to an **increase in blood pressure**. This is a compensatory mechanism to counteract the decrease in blood volume.

7. **Effect on Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)**: Lastly, the increase in blood pressure results in an **increase in Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)**, which is the rate at which blood is filtered through the kidneys.

### Final Fill-in-the-Blanks:
- Decrease in blood volume activates **posterior pituitary gland** which secretes ADH which prevents **diuresis** and also affects kidney function by its **constrictory** effect on blood vessels. It causes **increase** in blood pressure. Causes **increase** in GFR.