One is increased in blood of a person whose kidney is not working properly:-

Options

A. Urea and uric acid
B. Ammonia
C. Sodium chloride
D. None

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Kidney Function**: The kidneys are responsible for filtering waste products from the blood, including nitrogenous wastes such as urea and uric acid. They also regulate the balance of water and electrolytes.

2. **Filtration Process**: Blood enters the kidneys and is filtered through structures called glomeruli. The filtered fluid is known as glomerular filtrate, which contains urea, uric acid, ions, glucose, and water.

3. **Reabsorption**: In the nephron (the functional unit of the kidney), certain substances are reabsorbed back into the bloodstream. Glucose is completely reabsorbed, and some water and ions are also reabsorbed. However, urea and uric acid are primarily excreted in urine.

4. **Impact of Kidney Dysfunction**: If the kidneys are not functioning properly, they cannot effectively filter and remove urea and uric acid from the blood. As a result, the levels of these substances will increase in the bloodstream.

5. **Evaluating Options**:
- **Urea and Uric Acid**: This is the correct answer, as their levels would rise in the blood due to impaired kidney function.
- **Ammonia**: Incorrect, as ammonia is not a primary nitrogenous waste in humans; it is usually converted to urea.
- **Sodium Chloride**: Incorrect, as sodium chloride is typically reabsorbed in the kidneys.
- **None**: Incorrect, as there is a clear answer (urea and uric acid).

6. **Conclusion**: The correct answer is that urea and uric acid levels increase in the blood of a person whose kidney is not working properly.

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