Which one do not filter out from blood to Bowman's capsule in glomerular ultrafiltration

Options

A. Amino acids
B. Polypeptide
C. Glucose
D. Fatty acids

Answer

To solve the question "Which one do not filter out from blood to Bowman's capsule in glomerular ultrafiltration?", we need to analyze the options provided and understand the process of glomerular ultrafiltration.

### Step 1: Understand Glomerular Ultrafiltration
Glomerular ultrafiltration is the process where blood plasma is filtered through the glomerular capillaries into the Bowman's capsule. This process allows certain substances to pass while preventing others from filtering through.

### Step 2: Identify What is Filtered
During glomerular ultrafiltration, small molecules such as water, ions, glucose, and amino acids can pass through the filtration barrier. However, larger molecules, particularly proteins and polypeptides, are generally not filtered.

### Step 3: Analyze the Options
- **Amino Acids**: These are small enough to be filtered and are typically found in the glomerular filtrate.
- **Polypeptides**: These are larger molecules made of amino acids and are generally not filtered due to their size.
- **Glucose**: This is a small molecule that can easily pass through the filtration barrier and is found in the filtrate.
- **Fatty Acids**: While they are small, many fatty acids are bound to plasma proteins, which prevents them from being freely filtered.

### Step 4: Conclusion
From the analysis, we find that both **polypeptides** and **fatty acids** do not filter out from blood to Bowman's capsule. However, polypeptides are the primary large molecules that cannot be filtered due to their size.

### Final Answer
The correct answer is **polypeptides** (and fatty acids, as they are bound to proteins).

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