During hemdialysis process
I. blood drained from a conveniend artery and anticoagulant is added (heparin).
II. Removal of nitrogenous waste from blood.
III. Blood is passed through a coiled porous cellophane membrane of tube bathing in dialysis fluid.
IV. blood is mixed with antiheparin and passed into vein.
Arrange the steps

Options

A. `I rarr II rarr III rarr IV`
B. `IV rarr III rarr II rarr I`
C. `I rarr III rarr II rarr IV`
D. `I rarr IV rarr II rarr III`

Answer

To arrange the steps of the hemodialysis process in the correct order, we can follow these steps:

1. **Step 1: Blood is drained from a convenient artery and anticoagulant is added (heparin).**
- This is the initial step where blood is collected from the body, and heparin is added to prevent clotting during the process.

2. **Step 2: Blood is passed through a coiled porous cellophane membrane of the tube bathing in dialysis fluid.**
- In this step, the blood travels through a hemodialyzer, which contains a coiled porous membrane. This membrane allows for the exchange of substances between the blood and the dialysis fluid.

3. **Step 3: Removal of nitrogenous waste from blood.**
- As the blood flows through the porous membrane, nitrogenous wastes (like urea) are removed from the blood into the dialysis fluid, effectively cleansing the blood.

4. **Step 4: Blood is mixed with antiheparin and passed into the vein.**
- Finally, the treated blood is mixed with antiheparin to counteract the anticoagulant effect and is then returned to the patient's vein.

**Final Order of Steps:**
1. Blood drained from a convenient artery and anticoagulant is added (heparin).
2. Blood is passed through a coiled porous cellophane membrane of the tube bathing in dialysis fluid.
3. Removal of nitrogenous waste from blood.
4. Blood is mixed with antiheparin and passed into vein.