Ammonia___(A)__`to`nitrite___(B)__`nitrate What are (A) & (B) in the given process :-

Options

A. `{:(A,B),("Nitrosomonas", "Nitrococcus"):}`
B. `{:(A,B),("Nitrobacter", "Nitrococcus"):}`
C. `{:(A,B),("Nitrosomonas", "Nitrobacter"):}`
D. `{:(A,B),("Pseudomonas", "Nitrobacter"):}`

Answer

To solve the question regarding the conversion of ammonia to nitrite and then to nitrate, we need to identify the processes and the specific bacteria involved in these conversions.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Process**: The question describes a biological process where ammonia is converted into nitrite and then into nitrate. This process is known as nitrification.

2. **Identifying (A)**: The first blank (A) represents the conversion of ammonia to nitrite. This conversion is primarily carried out by specific bacteria known as nitrifying bacteria.

3. **Bacteria Involved in (A)**: The bacteria responsible for converting ammonia (NH₃) to nitrite (NO₂⁻) include:
- **Nitrosomonas**
- **Nitrosococcus**
- **Nitrosospira**

Therefore, (A) is **Nitrosomonas** (or any of the other mentioned bacteria).

4. **Identifying (B)**: The second blank (B) represents the conversion of nitrite to nitrate. This conversion is also facilitated by a different group of nitrifying bacteria.

5. **Bacteria Involved in (B)**: The bacteria responsible for converting nitrite (NO₂⁻) to nitrate (NO₃⁻) include:
- **Nitrobacter**
- **Nitrococcus**
- **Nitrospina**

Therefore, (B) is **Nitrobacter** (or any of the other mentioned bacteria).

6. **Final Answer**:
- (A) is **Nitrosomonas** (or other nitrifying bacteria that convert ammonia to nitrite).
- (B) is **Nitrobacter** (or other nitrifying bacteria that convert nitrite to nitrate).