Which of the following is a congential heart disease ?
(i) Atrial septal defect
(ii) Myocardial infarction
(iii) Patent ductus arteriosus
(iv) Ventricular septal defect

Options

A. i, iii, iv
B. i, ii, iii, iv
C. i, ii, iv
D. iii only

Answer

To determine which of the following options is a congenital heart disease, we will analyze each option provided:

1. **Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)**:
- Atrial septal defect is a condition where there is a hole in the septum that divides the two upper chambers of the heart (the atria). This defect is present at birth and is classified as a congenital heart disease.

2. **Myocardial Infarction (MI)**:
- Myocardial infarction, commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow to a part of the heart is blocked, leading to tissue damage. This condition is not congenital; it is typically acquired due to factors such as coronary artery disease.

3. **Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)**:
- Patent ductus arteriosus is a condition where the ductus arteriosus, a blood vessel that allows blood to bypass the lungs in a fetus, fails to close after birth. This is also a congenital heart defect.

4. **Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)**:
- Ventricular septal defect is a condition where there is a hole in the septum that divides the two lower chambers of the heart (the ventricles). Like ASD and PDA, this defect is present at birth and is classified as a congenital heart disease.

Based on the analysis:
- Options (i) Atrial septal defect, (iii) Patent ductus arteriosus, and (iv) Ventricular septal defect are all congenital heart diseases.
- Option (ii) Myocardial infarction is not a congenital heart disease.

**Final Answer**: The congenital heart diseases among the options are (i) Atrial septal defect, (iii) Patent ductus arteriosus, and (iv) Ventricular septal defect.