According to Hugo deVries what causes evolution?

Options

A. Small and continuous variations
B. Small and discontinuous variations
C. Large and discontinuous variations
D. large and continuous variations

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Identify the Contributor**: The question asks about Hugo de Vries, a key figure in evolutionary biology.

2. **Understand His Research**: Hugo de Vries conducted research on the plant known as evening primrose in the early 20th century. This research was pivotal in forming his ideas about evolution.

3. **Introduce the Concept of Mutation**: De Vries proposed that evolution is primarily driven by mutations. He emphasized that these mutations are significant changes that occur suddenly within a population.

4. **Differentiate from Darwin's Theory**: Unlike Charles Darwin, who suggested that evolution occurs through small, gradual variations, de Vries argued that these mutations are large and arise abruptly.

5. **Define Saltation**: De Vries introduced the term "saltation" to describe these large, sudden mutations. He believed that these mutations are random and do not follow a specific direction.

6. **Conclude the Answer**: According to Hugo de Vries, evolution is caused by large, sudden mutations (saltations) rather than minor variations.

**Final Answer**: According to Hugo de Vries, evolution is caused by large mutations that occur suddenly in a population, which he termed as saltations.

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