Habitat includes :-
(a) Biotic components
(b) Physico-chemical components
(c) Pathogens, parasite, predator, competitors
(d) Different species

Options

A. a, b & d
B. a, d
C. b, c, d
D. a, b, c, d

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Habitat**:
- A habitat is the natural environment where organisms live and interact. It encompasses both living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) components.

2. **Identifying Biotic Components**:
- Biotic components include all living organisms in a habitat. This encompasses plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms. Therefore, option (a) "Biotic components" is included in a habitat.

3. **Identifying Physico-Chemical Components**:
- Physico-chemical components refer to the non-living factors that affect the living organisms. These include soil, water, temperature, light, and other environmental factors. Thus, option (b) "Physico-chemical components" is also included in a habitat.

4. **Considering Pathogens, Parasites, Predators, and Competitors**:
- Pathogens (like bacteria and viruses), parasites, predators, and competitors are all part of the biotic interactions within a habitat. They play crucial roles in the ecosystem dynamics. Therefore, option (c) "Pathogens, parasite, predator, competitors" is also included in a habitat.

5. **Recognizing Different Species**:
- A habitat consists of various species that interact with each other and their environment. This diversity is crucial for the stability and functioning of the ecosystem. Hence, option (d) "Different species" is also included in a habitat.

6. **Conclusion**:
- Since all four options (a, b, c, and d) are components of a habitat, the correct answer is that habitat includes all of these components.

### Final Answer:
Habitat includes: (a) Biotic components, (b) Physico-chemical components, (c) Pathogens, parasite, predator, competitors, and (d) Different species. Therefore, the correct answer is **all of the above**.

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