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Which of the following is/are incorrect ...

Which of the following is/are incorrect statement (s):
(I) `CHCl_(3)` is less acidic than `CHF_(3)`
(II) Dipole moment of chlorobenzene is more than chlorocyclohexane
(III) Dipole moment of fluoromethane is more than chloromethane
(IV) `NH_(2)NH_(2).HCl` show positive test for nitrogen in lassaigne's test
(V) Dipole moment of difluoromethane is more than dichloromethane,

A

I only

B

II only

C

I,II,III only

D

I,II,III,IV and V

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
To determine which of the statements are incorrect, let's analyze each statement one by one. ### Step 1: Analyze Statement I **Statement I:** `CHCl3` is less acidic than `CHF3`. - **Analysis:** - Chloroform (`CHCl3`) and fluoroform (`CHF3`) can lose a proton (H⁺) to form their respective anions: `CCl3⁻` and `CF3⁻`. - The stability of the anions determines the acidity. - `CCl3⁻` is more stable than `CF3⁻` due to the larger size and lower electronegativity of chlorine compared to fluorine, which allows better dispersal of negative charge. - Thus, `CHCl3` is more acidic than `CHF3`, making this statement **incorrect**. ### Step 2: Analyze Statement II **Statement II:** Dipole moment of chlorobenzene is more than chlorocyclohexane. - **Analysis:** - Chlorobenzene has resonance stabilization, which reduces the dipole moment compared to chlorocyclohexane. - In chlorobenzene, the resonance causes the C-Cl bond to have a shorter bond length, which reduces the dipole moment. - Therefore, the dipole moment of chlorobenzene is **less** than that of chlorocyclohexane, making this statement **incorrect**. ### Step 3: Analyze Statement III **Statement III:** Dipole moment of fluoromethane is more than chloromethane. - **Analysis:** - The dipole moment is influenced by the electronegativity and size of the atoms. - Fluorine is more electronegative than chlorine, but its small size leads to a smaller dipole moment in fluoromethane compared to chloromethane. - Therefore, the dipole moment of fluoromethane is **less** than that of chloromethane, making this statement **incorrect**. ### Step 4: Analyze Statement IV **Statement IV:** `NH2NH2.HCl` shows a positive test for nitrogen in Lassaigne's test. - **Analysis:** - Lassaigne's test detects nitrogen in organic compounds. - Since `NH2NH2.HCl` contains nitrogen, it will give a positive test for nitrogen. - Thus, this statement is **correct**. ### Step 5: Analyze Statement V **Statement V:** Dipole moment of difluoromethane is more than dichloromethane. - **Analysis:** - The dipole moment of difluoromethane (DFM) is indeed greater than that of dichloromethane (DCM) due to the higher electronegativity of fluorine compared to chlorine. - The experimental values support this, with DFM having a dipole moment of approximately 1.97 D and DCM around 1.60 D. - Thus, this statement is **correct**. ### Conclusion The incorrect statements are: - Statement I: `CHCl3` is less acidic than `CHF3` (Incorrect) - Statement II: Dipole moment of chlorobenzene is more than chlorocyclohexane (Incorrect) - Statement III: Dipole moment of fluoromethane is more than chloromethane (Incorrect) ### Final Answer The incorrect statements are I, II, and III. ---

To determine which of the statements are incorrect, let's analyze each statement one by one. ### Step 1: Analyze Statement I **Statement I:** `CHCl3` is less acidic than `CHF3`. - **Analysis:** - Chloroform (`CHCl3`) and fluoroform (`CHF3`) can lose a proton (H⁺) to form their respective anions: `CCl3⁻` and `CF3⁻`. - The stability of the anions determines the acidity. ...
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